Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing. Airway inflammation is a consistent feature of COPD and is implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of COPD, but anti-inflammatory therapy is not first-line treatment.

Pneumothorax bisa dialami secara tiba-tiba oleh orang yang sehat, maupun sebagai bentuk komplikasi dari kondisi paru-paru tertentu. Berikut penjelasan secara lengkap tentang pneumothorax.

COPD is a chronic and progressive disease often complicated by episodes of exacerbation,bringing physical,emotional and functional damage.Nurse have an important role in assessing the patient and promoting self-care by providing the condition to develop the process of home care.

Semakin lama, kerusakan yang terjadi menyebabkan jaringan dalam paru-paru aias alveolus menebal dan kaki. Penebalan tersebut menyebabkan oksigen sulit untuk masuk ke dalam darah.

Since the introduction of the concept of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) in the 2005 update on the treatment of nosocomial pneumonias by the American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America